They are the Future of Humanity

Sunday, October 14, 2018

Consultation: Concluding Reflections


“This is not a Cause which may be made a plaything for your idle fancies, nor is it a field for the foolish and faint of heart. By God, this is the arena of insight and detachment, of vision and upliftment, where none may spur on their chargers save the valiant horsemen of the Merciful, who have severed all attachment to the world of being. These, truly, are they that render God victorious on earth, and are the dawning-places of His sovereign might amidst mankind.”
(Baha'u'llah, The Kitab-i-Aqdas: 84)

Consultation is a very specific way to arrive at the truth, and one should enter into the process of it knowing the responsibilities and qualities required to make it work, “qualities of an enlightened citizenry, able to construct a unified world civilization”, as the House of Justice stated.  There are responsibilities to have the prerequisite spiritual qualities of love, fellowship, purity of motive, humility, detachment, and the like, in place prior to consulting.  Within consultation there are intellectual responsibilities to speak the truth of one’s opinion and to acknowledge another’s opinion, to be tolerant of other views even if they oppose one’s own, and not to ridicule or censure another’s thought, and to see consultation as the building of a consensus of opinion, a single reality of thoughts, views and feelings.  There are social and moral responsibilities to act in concert and obedience to the decision rendered.  Finally, there are responsibilities to the overarching principle of unity on the part of all to be humble and accepting of the truth revealed in action, whether the decision was correct or not, for in unity is social protection, moral guidance and attraction of divine confirmation.
But even saying all this about our role in consultation, we should remember that inspired consultation goes on not just in the divine Presence but with It. As with all things in this Day of God, there can be an intermingling of the human and the holy, as Painter, paint and canvas. Consultation works because Baha’u’llah is the hidden participant, the aid-giver to whoever carries out His counsels.  And ‘Abdu’l-Baha, for example, promises that: “Every meeting which is organized for the purpose of unity and concord will be conducive to changing strangers into friends, enemies into associates, and 'Abdu'l-Bahá will be present in His heart and soul with that meeting.” (The Compilation of Compilations vol. I: 99)
But, too, in words and phrases such as “as it is in unity the truth will be revealed and the wrong made right.” Or: “surrender to His Providence, in whatever way it may be revealed”, and, “not until matters are fully discussed can the right way be revealed”  and, finally, in the explicit promise of divine aid and assistance, so long as unity is the human condition, we see the undying Spirit of the Manifestation of God present and working.
Because consultation is so central to discovering truth, to the harmony of human thought and to the maintenance of unity in the process of building vibrant forms of community, and since human beings are spiritually interconnected so closely, consultation helps create, as one of its results, what the House of Justice calls “powers multiplied in unified action.” “Furthermore, those who enter the Faith must be integrated into vibrant local communities, characterized by tolerance and love and guided by a strong sense of purpose and collective will, environments in which the capacities of all components—men, women, youth and children—are developed and their powers multiplied in unified action.” (The Universal House of Justice, 1995 Dec 26, Message to Continental Board of Counsellors re Four Year Plan, p. 2)  This gives the Bahá’i Community an unparalleled moral driving force in human society.
Yet another benefit of consultation is set out by Baha’u’llah in the following statement: “No power can exist except through unity. No welfare and no well-being can be attained except through consultation.” (Consultation: Compilation of Compilations v. 1: 93)  These are intimately related and connected since “The well-being of mankind, its peace and security, are unattainable unless and until its unity is firmly established. This unity can never be achieved so long as the counsels which the Pen of the Most High hath revealed are suffered to pass unheeded.” (Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah: 286)
One of the greatest of His counsels is to engage in consultation on any and all matters, for, as we read, “an age that sees the people of the world increasingly gaining access to information of every kind and to a diversity of ideas will find justice asserting itself as the ruling principle of successful social organization." (The Prosperity of Humankind: Section II para: 1)  But to fully embody this quality of justice “a fundamental redefinition of human relationships is called for... Central to the task of reconceptualizing the system of human relationships is the process that Bahá’u’lláh refers to as consultation.” (The Prosperity of Humankind: Section III para: 3)   And: “The purpose of justice is the appearance of unity among men.” (Tablets of Baha'u'llah: 66)
We return a last time to spiritual principles, the divine knowledge in the human world.  These are not a system of abstract philosophical concepts, nor a new legal code bound in thick, black volumes sitting on a shelf, nor a collection of pithy moral precepts assembled from the sayings of the wise.  They are powers that empower.  Recall, the House of Justice said that spiritual principles “induce an attitude, a dynamic, a will, an aspiration.” Spiritual principles infuse energy and will into human thought and the body politic.   They are creative of life and truth.  Of His Laws Baha’u’llah wrote: “Think not that We have revealed unto you a mere code of laws. Nay, rather, We have unsealed the choice Wine with the fingers of might and power.” (The Kitab-i-Aqdas: 21)   A choice wine unsealed with fingers of might and power is a dynamic image of heavenly aroma and sparkling taste, of joy and zest and contentment, and strength. He states in another place, quoting an Islamic tradition: "Knowledge is all that is knowable; and might and power, all creation." (The Kitab-i-Iqan: 185)
Elsewhere, Baha’u’llah wrote: “Every man of insight will, in this day, readily admit that the counsels which the Pen of this Wronged One hath revealed constitute the supreme animating power for the advancement of the world and the exaltation of its peoples.” (Tablets of Baha'u'llah: 85)
  The animating power in spiritual principles flows into the human world through the channel of “that which is immanent in human nature.”
Finally, we can see a more general pattern of the influence and effects of gathering together to execute spiritual purposes, even among a few souls coming together informally, in the following statement from ‘Abdu’l-Baha: “If a small number of people gather lovingly together, with absolute purity and sanctity, with their hearts free of the world, experiencing the emotions of the Kingdom and the powerful magnetic forces of the Divine, and being at one in their happy fellowship, that gathering will exert its influence over all the earth. The nature of that band of people, the words they speak, the deeds they do, will unleash the bestowals of Heaven, and provide a foretaste of eternal bliss. The hosts of the Company on high will defend them, and the angels of the Abha Paradise, in continuous succession, will come down to their aid.” (Selections from the Writings of 'Abdu'l-Bahá: 81) 
Consultation is a gift from God to humanity in its age of maturity.  Free, full, and frank consultation is the bedrock of the entire Order of Baha’u’llah. Consultation, while being an educational model and practice that brings forth the higher faculties of the human reality, is also a process that brings forth truth.  These twin processes are, of course, interrelated, and their interrelation marks the maturity of the gift of understanding, the turning of conjecture into certitude. Consultation is a dynamic educational model and a practice for living continuously in truth.  Consultation is a most powerful, even indispensable, means of individual and social transformation.  It should play a central role in human education.

Sunday, October 7, 2018

Social Responsibilities: The Rewards of Unity


If they agree upon a subject, even though it be wrong, it is better than to disagree and be in the right, for this difference will produce the demolition of the divine foundation. Though one of the parties may be in the right and they disagree that will be the cause of a thousand wrongs, but if they agree and both parties are in the wrong, as it is in unity the truth will be revealed and the wrong made right.
(Bahá'í World Faith: Selected Writings of Bahá'u'lláh and 'Abdu'l-Bahá: 411)

Action is the execution of the decision, the realm of social morality.  It seems clear that, after true consultation, the recipient of this gift has, in order to obey the pivotal principle of unity, a responsibility to act according to its directives to know the truth of it.  Since human beings are not infallible in thought and perception, the truth of any decision will only be revealed when action is initiated-if that action is carried out in a spirt of unity.  Unity is absolutely essential at every step and stage of the process.  This submission to the results of true consultation is the root of a humble posture of learning and the foundation for a culture of encouragement. 
Love, fellowship, and unity are all prerequisites for consultation and are present within consultation; and action carried out in a spirit of unity in response to any decision completes the connection so the spiritual current of divine assistance may flow and illumination result.  As the Master explained in the above quote—which is worth reading again—if there is not unanimity in the decision, then fidelity to the principle of unity is a higher, nobler way than to be correct: “If they agree upon a subject, even though it be wrong, it is better than to disagree and be in the right, for this difference will produce the demolition of the divine foundation. Though one of the parties may be in the right and they disagree that will be the cause of a thousand wrongs, but if they agree and both parties are in the wrong, as it is in unity the truth will be revealed and the wrong made right.”
            As we have repeatedly seen in these pages, in the human world, truth and unity are intimately interrelated: one brings forth the other and each is context for the other’s appearance, somewhat like the double helix of human DNA.  That is, truth builds harmony and harmony enables truth to come forth.  The stronger the form of unity in consultative decision making and execution the greater the likelihood the truth will be revealed.   Reciprocally, the greater the power of truth, the stronger unity will be.  “Truthfulness,” says ‘Abdu’l-Baha, “is the foundation of all the virtues of the world of humanity. Without truthfulness, progress and success in all of the worlds of God are impossible for a soul. When this holy attribute is established in man, all the divine qualities will also become realized.” (Baha'i World Faith: 384)
Thus truthfulness in expression of opinion and fact is the realization of those qualities of the heart that the members bring into consultation, is the foundation of all those intellectual virtues that organize into consultation, and the goal of consultation is, as we know, the finding of the truth.  The goal of truth, in turn, is to build vibrant communities: unity, as we saw, being the environment of truth, and unanimity the strongest form of unity of thought, the one reality.
While consciousness should ever seek truth, action should have fraternal harmony as its purpose.  Baha’u’llah explains: “If in the first group of people who have gathered, unanimity is not achieved, new people shall be added, after which a group equal in number to the Greatest Name or fewer or greater shall be chosen from their midst by lots; whereupon the consultation shall be renewed; whatever is the result shall be obeyed. If the second time opinions again differ, repeat the process a third time. This time obey the majority vote. Verily He directeth whom He willeth to the straight Path.” (The Compilation of Compilations vol. I: 94)    It is clear, in this passage, that for Baha’u’llah unanimity is the preferred outcome, but if that is impossible or unattainable, then a majority opinion is the next best option.  We read earlier that this preference for unanimity was shared by ‘Abdu’l-Baha. Recall, He stated: If after discussion, a decision be carried unanimously, well and good; but if the Lord forbid, differences of opinion should arise, a majority of voices must prevail.”
It is interesting to me that if unanimity is not attained among the first group “new people” should be added, not some removed, and that from among this new group the consultative members are chosen by lot.  This return to choosing decision-makers by lot, to what is known as sortation, a custom of classical Athenian society, is not by chance.  Choosing political leaders in that way was because it was thought that power corrupts.  But it was also considered a principle characteristic of true democracy.  The promise of divine aid is not reserved solely for the action taken after the decision, but throughout the process, from the foundational virtues, to the use of spiritual principles, to the establishment of a truly democratic means of forming groups.
Baha’u’llah also emphasizes the responsibility of obedience to decisions that are the result of consultation: whatever is the result shall be obeyed.  In the above example given by Baha’u’llah, obedience begins with the second decision, even as, perhaps, a third group convenes to discuss the matter further.  Obedience continues up until this third group renders its decision. Thus, in all cases, the one seeking a decision from the process of true consultation is under a spiritual obligation to the community to obey.  So important may be this principle, that if the one seeking answers to any problem or challenge is not ready to accept wholeheartedly a decision, it may be better not to engage in consultation at all, but, rather, simply ask for advice and suggestions, leaving the final decision in his own hands.  This is especially true if the consulting body is the divine institution of a Spiritual Assembly.  “It is incumbent upon every one not to take any step without consulting the Spiritual Assembly, and they must assuredly obey with heart and soul its bidding and be submissive unto it, that things may be properly ordered and well arranged. Otherwise every person will act independently and after his own judgment, will follow his own desire, and do harm to the Cause. (Bahá'í Administration: Selected Messages 1922-1932: 21)
As repeatedly emphasized, consultation is no mere advice column of suggestions from friends, or some decision-making machine.  It is a creative, organic means of discovering the truth of any matter, carried out in an attitude and atmosphere of love and guided by spiritual principle, and its decisions should be accepted on those terms to gain its full benefits.  As a reflexive process, responsibility for truth to emerge is not limited to the final step of physical behavior and movement, however.  Because it is an organic process, there are essential responsibilities for action placed upon the shoulders of the members of, for example, a Spiritual Assembly to achieve a certain attitude and create a certain atmosphere among themselves even before actual discussion occurs.  Baha’u’llah lays these out: “It behooveth them to be the trusted ones of the Merciful among men and to regard themselves as the guardians appointed of God for all that dwell on earth. It is incumbent upon them to take counsel together and to have regard for the interests of the servants of God, for His sake, even as they regard their own interests, and to choose that which is meet and seemly. Thus hath the Lord your God commanded you. Beware lest ye put away that which is clearly revealed in His Tablet. Fear God, O ye that perceive.” (Bahá'í Administration: Selected Messages 1922-1932: 21)
When carried out in good order, respect for the process of consultation, especially the step of acting in the spirit of unity upon any decision arrived at, is a means and a way for truth to be revealed, for truth to enter the realm of human thought and life.  Divine guidance exists in the form of spiritual principles to influence discussion.  However, what practical form those truths take needs to be created, a solution devised.  Consultation works because Baha’u’llah is the hidden participant, the aid-giver to whomsoever carries out His counsels.